Reverse osmosis (RO) technology is one of the most commonly used desalination methods. For agriculture, the advantage of reverse osmosis desalinators is that they can effectively remove salts and other dissolved substances in water and provide high-quality irrigation water.

A reverse osmosis system with a processing capacity of 5,000 liters/hour has a monthly electricity bill of approximately US$150, a water bill of approximately US$2,500, and a total operating cost of US$2,650.

Traditional water filters usually refer to simple filtration devices that have been widely used in the past few decades. Modern water filters combine a variety of advanced filtration technologies to provide more efficient and comprehensive water purification solutions.

● Total annual cost = equipment depreciation cost + energy consumption cost + maintenance cost + personnel cost + other costs ● The cost of fresh water per cubic meter is: Fresh water cost = Total annual cost / Annual water production Fresh water cost = $214,140 / 21,900 m³ ≈ $9.78/m³.

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology is usually used for the recycling of water in industry. RO technology is a highly efficient water treatment method that removes impurities and particles from water through a semipermeable membrane filter.