Small household ultrafiltration system: generally priced between $800 and $3,000, suitable for household daily water purification. Such systems usually have a processing capacity ranging from a few hundred liters to a few thousand liters per hour.

Differences in working principles ● Reverse osmosis relies on physical separation, separating water molecules under pressure through a semipermeable membrane. ● Distillation is based on phase change, separating impurities in water through heating and condensation processes.

In summary, the initial investment to set up a small or medium-sized bottled water plant is usually between $150,000 and $1,000,000. The specific investment amount will vary depending on the geographical location and production scale.

Typically, hatchery water treatment equipment includes: 1. Mechanical filtration equipment 2. Biological filtration equipment 3. Chemical filtration equipment 4. UV disinfection equipment 5. Dissolved oxygen control equipment

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology is considered to be one of the most effective water treatment methods. Reverse osmosis technology uses semipermeable membranes to efficiently remove dissolved salts, organic matter and microorganisms in water, and can provide high-quality purified water.

Ultraviolet disinfection technology is widely used in water treatment, mainly including drinking water treatment, sewage treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, aquaculture and swimming pool disinfection.

UF systems are suitable for occasions with good water quality, demand for mineral retention, and low operating costs, such as household drinking water and agricultural irrigation. RO systems are suitable for occasions that require high-purity water sources, such as industrial water and medical.

The annual cost of maintaining a 2-ton reverse osmosis water treatment system is approximately between $3,700 and $6,900, depending on the quality of the equipment, water quality conditions, frequency of use, and maintenance management level.

Cellulose membranes are mainly made of cellulose acetate and were widely used in reverse osmosis systems in the early days. Cellulose membranes have good chlorine resistance, but poor stability under high temperature and low pH environments.

The top five famous water treatment plants: 1. Tokyo Water Treatment Plant (Japan), 2. Singapore NEWater Plant (Singapore), 3. London Thames Water Treatment Plant (UK), 4. New York Brooklyn Water Treatment Plant (USA), 5. Abu Dhabi Sulaibiya Water Treatment Plant (UAE).