The initial construction cost of the Sorek Desalination Plant was about $400 million, while the construction cost of the Carlsbad Desalination Plant was as high as $1 billion. As the world's largest desalination plant, the Ras Al Desalination Plant cost as much as $7.3 billion to build.

According to the lowest and highest costs, the total cost of building a small water treatment plant is about 170,000-485,000 US dollars. If operation and maintenance costs are taken into account, the total expenditure in the first year will increase to between $270,000 and $630,000.

Reverse osmosis filter is one of the most efficient water purification technologies currently, capable of removing most pollutants. Water is separated under high pressure through a semipermeable membrane, most soluble substances and organic pollutants are intercepted.

Modern water treatment plants use automated control systems to achieve automated control of each process link, including raw water pretreatment, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, etc. Through PLC and DCS systems, each link in the water treatment process can be automated...

According to the Indian Water Works Association (IWWA), the cost of building a medium-sized drinking water treatment plant (with a daily processing capacity of 100,000 cubic meters) is approximately between 5 billion and 7 billion Indian rupees (approximately US$67 million to US$94 million).

The workflow of a water treatment plant is generally divided into the following main stages: pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment. Each stage has its specific goals and technical means.

The reverse osmosis system can effectively remove more than 99% of dissolved salts in water through the selective permeability of the RO membrane, converting brackish water into fresh water suitable for drinking and irrigation.

According to the latest statistics, there are currently more than 120 wastewater treatment plants in Egypt. Among the many wastewater treatment plants, the Bahriya Al-Gamil Wastewater Treatment Plant in Cairo is the largest wastewater treatment facility in Egypt.

The purpose of using effluent water: 1. Improve water resource utilization efficiency 2. Reduce pollution to natural water bodies 3. Reduce operating costs of effluent water treatment plants

The main function of industrial water treatment plants is to purify industrial wastewater and ensure that its discharge meets environmental protection standards, thereby reducing environmental pollution. Different types of industrial activities produce a wide variety of wastewater, including chemicals, heavy metals, organic matter, etc. Direct discharge of these wastewater without treatment will pose serious threats to water bodies, soil and biodiversity.